12 tips to get a good night's sleep
- Skip caffeine. Caffeine  is a stimulant, and its effects can take as long as 8 hours to wear off  fully. Go easy on coffee, colas, certain teas, and chocolate, which all  contain caffeine. Reaching for them in the late afternoon can make it  hard for you to fall asleep at night.
 
- Avoid nicotine. Nicotine  is a stimulant. It can cause smokers to sleep very lightly, or to wake  up too early in the morning because of nicotine withdrawal.
 
- Don't take naps after 3 p.m. While naps can help make up for lost sleep, late afternoon naps can make it harder to fall asleep at night.
 
- Exercise, but not too late in the day. Try to exercise at least 30 minutes on most days, but not later than 2 to 3 hours before your bedtime.
 
- Avoid alcoholic drinks before bed.  Having a "nightcap" or alcoholic beverage may seem like a good way to  promote sleep, but it’s not. Alcohol robs you of deep sleep and REM  sleep, keeping you in the lighter stages of sleep. You also tend to wake  up in the middle of the night when the effects of the alcohol have worn  off. In addition, heavy alcohol ingestion may contribute to impairment  in breathing at night.
 
- Have the right sunlight exposure.  Daylight is key to regulating daily sleep patterns. Going outside in  natural light for at least 30 minutes early each day can contribute to  healthy sleep.
 
- Pass up large meals and beverages late at night. A  light snack is okay, but a large meal can cause indigestion that  interferes with sleep. Drinking too many fluids at night can cause you  to awaken frequently to urinate.
 
- Stick to a sleep schedule. Go  to bed and wake up at the same time each day. As creatures of habit, we  have a hard time adjusting to altered sleep patterns. While it’s  tempting to sleep late on weekends, it won't fully make up for your lack  of sleep during the week, and will make it harder for you to wake up  early on Monday morning.
 
- Relax before bed. Leave  time to unwind at the end of the day. Make relaxing activities, such as  reading or listening to music, part of your bedtime ritual.
 
- Create a good sleeping environment. Eliminate  anything that might interfere with sleep, such as noises and bright  lights. Consider removing distractions such as TVs, computers, and cell  phones from bedrooms.
 
- If possible, avoid medicines that delay or disrupt your sleep.  Some commonly prescribed heart, blood pressure, or asthma medications,  as well as some over-the-counter and herbal remedies for coughs, colds,  or allergies, can disrupt sleep patterns. If you have trouble sleeping,  talk to your doctor or pharmacist to see whether any drugs you're taking  might be contributing to your insomnia. Ask whether they can be taken  at other times during the day or early in the evening.
 
- See a doctor if you continue to have trouble sleeping. If you consistently find it difficult to fall or stay asleep, or if you feel tired during the day despite spending enough time in bed at night, you may have a sleep disorder. Your family doctor or a sleep specialist should be able to help you. It is important to rule out other health or psychiatric problems that may be disturbing your sleep.
